Construction surveying is the actual setting out of physical points on the site so that the construction can be done accurately. In essence, the construction plans are interpreted and the exact location of the structures are established for smooth construction. The construction surveying is an essential item in any construction work either in urban, or suburban or rural areas. For many construction works such as building, highway or other man made improvements involves some degree of construction surveying. The construction survey not only provides the horizontal location of an improvement projects but also provides the vertical information. For example, the buildings or structures are constructed vertical accuracy and the surface storm water drains and pipe lines are laid to correct gradients ensuring proper flow.
Usually we have noted that the stakes and points are not set at exact construction location. Instead these reference points are position along an offset. Such measures are taken to avoid survey stakes getting disturbed due excavations or other related activities that have to be done at the construction location. Normally the stakes are marked with a grade and offset, so that those give spacial relationship between the stakes and the exact construction point. The offset is taken as the horizontal distance from the actual construction location to the survey stake. The horizontal stake distance may vary according to structure. For example, for a curb construction it is kept around three feet from the curb line. Similarly, for underground pipeline the stake distance may be kept at least 10 feet from the pipe trace.
The setting out of stakes has to be done in coordination with the site contractor. The distance of stakes have to be decided based on the field condition, the type of equipment used and contractors specific needs.The stakes have to be clearly marked (the number clearly indicated in a circle) for easy identification. The grade indicate the change in elevations, so that it has to be indicated with reference point ( or temporary bench mark or TBM). The grade should also show the vertical distance relative to finished floor level (FFL)
In construction surveying, maintaining accuracy is very important. It is important to carry out all the calculations pertaining to levels and offset distances and grades including the reference points. In essence, these should be clearly communicated to the site personnel. Additionally, all construction scheduling should be coordinated to ensure that the stakes getting damaged due to construction or natural activities. Any unnoticed disturbance to the survey stake may lead to costly deviation of construction. The construction surveyor is usually responsible for the gathering of data on actual construction points or positions on the ground and later indicate these points on a map. In other words, the construction surveyor get the details from the plan of the proposed structure and later place that information on ground. This shows the construction surveying is an important aspect in construction from used from start to finish.
For your survey work look for a well known company in the construction industry that provides accurate, reliable and timely surveying resources for all types of projects with the expertise and resources needed to respond quickly and keep your project on schedule. Also look for friendly personnel to support your project from the start to finish with qualified and experienced staff that look forward to working with you to help bring your project from the inception to completion.
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